ABSTRACT
A rapid diagnostic system is a primary role in the healthcare system exclusively during a pandemic situation to control contagious diseases like coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Many countries remain lacking to spot COVID cases by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. On this stretch, deep learning algorithms have been strengthened the medical image processing system to analyze the infection, categorization, and further diagnosis. It is motivated to discover the alternate way to identify the disease using existing medical implications. Hence, this review narrated the character and attainment of deep learning algorithms at each juncture from origin to COVID-19. This literature highlights the importance of deep learning and further focused the medical image processing research on handling the data of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan, and electromagnetic radiation (X-ray) images. Additionally, this systematic review tabulates the popular deep learning networks with operational parameters, peer-reviewed research with their outcomes, popular nets, and prevalent datasets, and highlighted the facts to stimulate future research. The consequence of this literature ascertains convolutional neural network-based deep learning approaches work better in the medical image processing system, and especially it is very supportive of sorting out the COVID-19 complications.
ABSTRACT
The Face Mask Detection model is used to make sure a person is wearing Mask or not. This model results from the grappling situation presented by COVID-19, resulting in the mandatory use of Masks at public places. Security agencies need to plant actual personnel to make sure all the people in public are wearing 'Masks', this model will lessen the risk of people being contacted by COVID-19. This research helps us understand a broader perspective about the Face Detection models by comparing different state of the art models. The model uses MobileNetV2 architecture, that has inverted bottlenecks and depth-wise convolutions, to filter features. The complete model is built in 2 phases, the first one consisting of making a Face mask detection model trained to detect the Face and mask, and then placing it in the Real Time environment by using the OpenCV for actually predicting the usage of Face Mask. © The Electrochemical Society
ABSTRACT
Objective: The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) emerged in 2019, and ultimately spread worldwide, being defined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The respiratory disease related to COVID-19 can range from being asymptomatic to presenting as devastating ARDS and death. The elderly and individuals with comorbidities and immunocompromised states are at a higher risk. Asthma is an inflammatory spasm of the airways with ACE2 overexpression at the alveolar level. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression mediate SARS-CoV-2 infection of host lung cells and hence might increase disease susceptibility in asthmatics. Materials and Methods: A literature review was done by searching the databases of Pubmed, WHO, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar, using the keywords of -COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, asthma, and their combinations, following the timeline of December 2019 to August 10, 2020. We included patients with asthma diagnosed with COVID-19 while excluding non-COVID-19 patients, pregnant patients, and patients with other diseases or comorbidities. Primary outcomes included mortality and ICU admissions of both groups. Based on the available data, we conducted a meta-analysis via RevMan 5.4 using a random-effects model and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Patients with and without asthma were compared for risk outcomes of mortality. For the 755 COVID-19 patients with asthma and 4969 non-asthmatic COVID-19 patients, we found that the risk of mortality would increase by 9% in the asthmatic group (RR=1.09, CI= 0.58 to 2.03, I2=72%). There was an increased proportion of ICU admissions among the asthmatic group (RR=1.39, CI = 0.80 to 2.42). There was high heterogeneity among the studies (I-2 = 79%). Medications such as corticosteroids improve the mortality and ICU admission rates. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the number of COVID-19 cases in patients with asthma has been lower than those of the nonasthmatic group. COVID-19 patients with asthma were at increased risk of mortality and ICU admission due to underlying factors or predisposition. Finally, corticosteroids are considered safe and may confer protection against the severity of COVID-19 infection.